The content of English abstract should correspond to that of the Chinese one. Meanwhile thefollowing points should be paid attention to.
First, the unnecessary phrases, like “in his paper”, should be cut off, and soshould the useless modifiers such as “indetail”, “briefly”, “here”, “new” and “mainly”. And theseself-estimated sentences should be cancelled, for example “In the first time this work achieves… ”, “This study fills the blank of…” and “No similar articles to this paper has been searched.”
Second, we should only describe new situation and new foundlings rather thanresearch details of the past.
Third, do not present formulas, graphsor special symbols.
Fourth, use the past tense to narratethe author’s work and the present tense (but the future tense) to describe theconclusions.
Fifth, Write in active tense, rather than passive. Active tense is interesting;passive tense is boring. Active tense sentences are shorter and use words more efficiently, and their meaning is more apparent. For example, “A exceeds B.” is better than “B is exceeded by A.”
Sixth, the abstract should start withimportant facts instead of supplementary clauses. The narration should becomplete, clear and brief and we should prefer short sentences and avoid singlesentence pattern.
Seventh, do not use many composite sentences. Do not modify nouns with lengthyadjectives or nouns, organize the sentence order well and make verbs approachthe subject as near as possible.
Eighth, Use the third person or thepassive voice in the description to avoid subjects like “the author”, “thispaper” and we”. The reason is that scientific paper usually describes theprocess of a fact, and we don’t care the one who does this. For example: A non-dimensional temperature function wasfounded to get a conclusion according to energy equation.
Ninth, Gerund should not be used in the case that noun can be the attribute. For example, “measurement accuracy” is better than “measuring accuracy”. If the adjective can be the attribute, wechoose it rather than the noun. For example, “experimental results” is better than “experiment results”. The noun form should be avoided in thesituation where noun can be chosen. For example, “Thickness of plastic sheets was measured” is better than “Measurementof thickness of plastic sheet was made”.